TS-0305-1001 - BlackBox Electronic Wastegate Controller - Instructions
Important Information About Your Black Box Wastegate Controller
- The gate will be closed if using Low Side PWM as the control strategy, and the ECU requires 100%.
- The BlackBox Instructions are not a substitute for basic tuning knowledge.
- Turbosmart accepts no responsibility for the incorrect installation of this product which is potentially hazardous and can cause serious engine damage or personal injury.
- Turbosmart recommends that an appropriately qualified technician fits your Black Box.
- Consult your local tuning specialist before setting your boost pressure; setting a boost beyond the capability of your engine can result in severe engine damage or failure!
- Turbosmart recommends checking the engine’s Air/Fuel ratio once the desired boost pressure is set. Any increase in boost pressure can cause the engine to
- run lean, resulting in severe engine damage or failure.
- Turbosmart recommends that boost pressure is set using a Dynamometer and not on public roads.
- The Black Box may not be able to completely compensate for a drop in boost pressure at high RPM due to the turbocharger operating beyond its maximum efficiency range, i.e., incorrect turbocharger sizing or excessive exhaust back-pressure.
- The Black Box cannot compensate for increases in boost pressure at high RPM due to inadequate waste gate flow capacity; the turbo system must maintain a steady base boost curve.
- For best results, your turbocharger should be correctly sized for your application.
Kit Contents
Part | Description | Use |
1 | Turbosmart Black Box | Main unit |
2 | Black Box Connector | Black Box Connector 34 Pin Allocation |
3 | Black Box Pins | 34 x Black Box Pins |
4 | Sticker | Turbosmart Sticker |
Part | Tool |
1 | Super seal Connector Crimping Tool |
2 | Micro USB to USB 2.0 A |
3 | 2.5mm Allen Key |
About Your Black Box
BlackBox by Turbosmart is a dedicated Electronic Wastegate Controller. The BlackBox protects from the current demands and translation of basic and more advanced boost control strategies into a gate position and can be used on single or twin electronic wastegate systems for the ultimate boost control. They cooperate with a range of Factory, Aftermarket and Motorsport ECU.Blackbox Capability
The Black Box can use multiple strategies and accept PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) inputs as traditional boost control solenoids, 0-5v position target CAN position target. It CAN bus override for more advanced ECUs where control strategy can be developed natively. The Blackbox auto-calibration of Electronic External Wastegates via a full sweep.Black Box Connector Pinout
|
Channel Name |
Description |
Wiring from eGates |
|
|
1 |
12V Supply |
Positive Battery Power Supply 1/4* |
|
|
2 |
12V Supply |
Positive Battery Power Supply 2/4* |
|
|
3 |
Output 1+ve |
eGate 1 Positive Power Supply 1/2* |
eGate 1 Red Larger Gauge Motor Wire |
|
4 |
Output 1+ve |
eGate 1 Positive Power Supply 2/2* |
eGate 1 Red Larger Gauge Motor Wire |
|
5 |
Output 1-ve |
eGate 1 Negative Power Supply 1/2* |
eGate 1 Black Larger Gauge Motor Wire |
|
6 |
Output 1-ve |
eGate 1 Negative Power Supply 2/2* |
eGate 1 Black Larger Gauge Motor Wire |
|
7 |
Output 2 +ve |
eGate 2 Positive Power Supply 1/2* |
eGate 2 Red Larger Gauge Motor Wire |
|
8 |
Output 2+ve |
eGate 2 Positive Power Supply 2/2* |
eGate 2 Red Larger Gauge Motor Wire |
|
9 |
Output 2-ve |
eGate 2 Negative Power Supply 1/2* |
eGate 2 Black Larger Gauge Motor Wire |
|
10 |
12V Supply |
Positive Battery Power Supply 3/4* |
|
|
11 |
12V Supply |
Positive Battery Power Supply 4/4* |
|
|
12 |
NC |
No Connection |
|
|
13 |
5.0V Supply |
5V Sensor Supply |
eGate/s Red Wire |
|
14 |
OV AN Ref** |
0V Sensor (Do NOT connect with Chassis GND) |
eGate/s Black Wire |
|
15 |
CAN 1 HI |
CAN 1 High |
|
|
16 |
CAN 1 LO |
CAN 1 Low |
|
|
17 |
Output 2-ve |
eGate 2 Negative Power Supply 2/2* |
eGate 2 Black Larger Gauge Motor Wire |
|
18 |
Power Ground |
Negative Battery Power Supply |
|
|
19 |
AV1 |
Analog Voltage 1 |
eGate 1 White Position Sensor |
|
20 |
AV2 |
Analog Voltage 2 |
eGate 2 White Position Sensor |
|
21 |
NC |
No Connection |
|
|
22 |
NC |
No Connection |
|
|
23 |
FREQ IN 1 |
ECU eGate 1 PWM Input *** |
|
|
24 |
NC |
No Connection |
|
|
25 |
Power Ground |
Negative Battery Power Supply |
|
|
26 |
Power Ground |
Negative Battery Power Supply |
|
|
27 |
AV5 |
eGate 1 Enable Switch Voltage |
|
|
28 |
AV6 |
eGate 2 Enable Switch Voltage |
|
|
29 |
AV7 |
Analog Voltage 7 |
eGate 1 Yellow Temperature Sensor |
|
30 |
AV8 |
Analog Voltage 8 |
eGate 2 Yellow Temperature Sensor |
|
31 |
NC |
No Connection |
|
|
32 |
FREQ IN 4 |
ECU eGate 2 PWM Input *** |
|
|
33 |
0V FREQ REF** |
0V Frequency (Do NOT connect with Chassis GND) |
|
|
34 |
Power Ground |
Negative Battery Power Supply |
|
NOTE! 0V Supplies from the ECU are internally connected and should not be connected to battery ground.
Looking into Black Box Pins
Fitting Your Turbosmart BlackBox
Using the Black Box Connector
To populate the connector with pins we need to
disengage the lock tab. To unlock we need to push the tab at the bottom up.
To lock we need to push the tabs at the top up
Pinout Designation
Depending on the number of eGates that are running will dictate what wiring is needed.
Focusing on 1 eGate we must use all that are designated
eGate 1. If a second eGate is used it must be wired to the corresponding eGate
2 Positions.
Outputs must be wired to two pins with high current wire as
pins are limited to 6 Amps. A suitable gauge wire should be used that is
capable
Pinout Current
Sharing
Due to the high current nature of Black Box, the connector pins are current limited. To allow for high current to flow a correctly matched power supply wire must be used. This is then Paralleled to allow for the correct current to flow to each eGate. The Power and Ground are to be wired up to each 4 pins to manage the correct current for the Black Box to distribute.
Pin Limit
Each Pin is rated for 15A per pin (This is wire gauge dependant)
Recommended Wire Limit
Motor Wires and Power Wires
|
|
USB Port
The USB port must be fitted after tuning is done.
Control Options
Pulse Width
Modulation (PWM) Input
PWM is the standard for Boost Control solenoids, the Black Box can use this frequency input as position input for the e-Gates. The PWM inputs must be wired in correctly.
The Black Box accepts both high and low side inputs. The Rising edge threshold is 1.65V and the falling edge threshold is 1.0V. As long as the PWM signal alternatives across these values the signal can be used. The Low side is the digitally pulsed output from a standard boost controller. The low side is the negative trigger. It's more common and easier to use, a standard boost controller commonly uses 12V and a digitally pulsed output. This Digitally pulsed output should be wired in to the A23 for eGate 1
Note In some cases PWM input will be turned off if Over boost is exceeded. This will result in the valve closing as the PWM input is turned off (0%). Ensure that Boost Control is set in such a way that the value is never set to OFF.
|
Frequency Recommended |
100Hz |
|
Frequency Possible Range |
25-100Hz |
|
Connections Required |
A23 - eGate 1 PWM input A32 - eGate 2 PWM input |
| Low Side | High Side | |
0% Duty Cycle | Gate Open | Gate Closed |
100% Duty Cycle | Gate Closed | Gate Open |
eBoost
PWM Hook-up
It is required to setup the eBoost to use the Auxiliary output to disable the Black Box in the event of a boost level reaching over the required level.
The OBS (Over boost) Feature must be set, but it must be set greater than the Auxiliary output bOn. Failure to do so will see the eBoost default to off and close the valve, resulting in higher boost pressure. The bOn (Boost On Feature) White Wire will be wired to the Enable switch voltage and disable the Valve in the event of an over boosting.
The Auxiliary Output is located on the white
wire from the eBoost this must then terminate to the corresponding gate which
is to be disabled at the point at which its disabled.
| eBoost Only Settings | |
eBoost PWM Wire | Grey Wire |
eBoost Auxiliary Wire | White Wire |
0% Duty Cycle | Gate Closed |
100% Duty Cycle | Gate Open |
CAN Bus Input
Can Bus information must be transmitted from an ECU to the Black Box. This information is addressed in the datasheet for specific address for Transmitted and Received data.
The CAN information required for the eGate to function correctly at a minimum requires the Boost Control Duty Cycle to be transmitted to the Black Box. As An example, here is the CAN Address required for eGate 1 to Function
Connections Required
A15 - Can High
A16 - Can Low
Base Address 0x110 (272)
Byte 0,1 Area Target Egate 1 0-100.0% (0-1000)
This address allows for the area position to be transmitted to the Black box for the Black Box to target the correct position to effectively use the CAN BUS, as much information as possible should be used.
CAN Bus Wiring
The CAN Bus is a
network within a vehicle that allows for vast amounts of information to be
shared within each part of the vehicle.
- CAN BUS Trunks should
be no more than 500mm long from the main trunk
- The twisted wire should have one twist per 50mm
- A terminating resistor must be placed on either end of the Main harness trunk if more than 2m. Less than 2m will only require one. (100Ω 0.25W Resistor)
- Max Length is 16m long.
·
USING YOUR TURBOSMART BLACK BOX CONFIG
TOOL SOFTWARE
Installing
Software
The Turbosmart Black Box Config Tool is available to download from the Turbosmart Website at
Connecting to
Black Box
The first step after physically connecting the USB to the Black Box. We see the feedback from the software on the state of the connection in the top right corner.
NOTE!
The Black Box requires the wiring to be completed as power is sourced from the car.
User
Interface
A breakdown of the software layout and the features that are available with the Black Box.
· Open File
o Saved Files configurations can be opened from here.
· Save to File
o Open files can be saved in here
· Live Editing – Write to Device
o The Black box will give you two options depending on what state Black Box is in.
§ Write to Device sends a configuration
§ Live Editing allows the Black Box to make live edits to the configurations while being connected to Black Box.
· Translation Type
o Poppet Default
§ A default option to that operates all Poppet style eGates. This is optimised to match flow capacity to valve height but not optimised to the specific Wastegate size.
§ Example 50% Position is requested may not output 50% Valve Position due to flow matching.
o Poppet 1:1 Ratio
§ An option that matches valve height percentage and position percentage. This could be common if using the eGate as an exhaust cut out.
§ Example 50% Position is requested will output 50% Valve Position due to 1:1.
§ This could be used for an Electric antilag valve.
o WG40
§ A default option to that operates the Wastegate 40 Poppet style eGates. This is optimised to match flow capacity to valve height
§ Example 50% Position is requested may not output 50% Valve Position due to flow matching.
§ Recommended for most applications running this Wastegate.
o WG45
§ A default option to that operates the Wastegate 45 Poppet style eGates. This is optimised to match flow capacity to valve height
§ Example 50% Position is requested may not output 50% Valve Position due to flow matching.
§ Recommended for most applications running this Wastegate.
o WG50
§ A default option to that operates the Wastegate 50 Poppet style eGates. This is optimised to match flow capacity to valve height
§ Example 50% Position is requested may not output 50% Valve Position due to flow matching.
§ Recommended for most applications running this Wastegate.
o WG60
§ A default option to that operates the Wastegate 60 Poppet style eGates. This is optimised to match flow capacity to valve height
§ Example 50% Position is requested may not output 50% Valve Position due to flow matching.
§ Recommended for most applications running this Wastegate.
o Straight 1:1 Ratio
§ An option that matches valve height percentage and position percentage. This could be common if using the eGate as an exhaust cut out.
§ Example 50% Position is requested will output 50% Valve Position due to 1:1.
o Straight
§ A default option to that operates the Straight Gate style eGates. This is optimised to match flow capacity to valve height
§ Example 50% Position is requested may not output 50% Valve Position due to flow matching.
§ Recommended for most applications running this Wastegate.
o Reserved
§ Selected if Gate is not being used.
· Target Source
o CAN Target
§ CAN Target selects the CAN Bus network as the source for Wastegate Information. A large amount of information can be transmitted and received over this network.
§ Recommended to allow the full potential of the Black Box.
o PWM Target
§ Pulse width modulation is defined as a percentage of a set period. For example, to achieve a 25% Duty cycle we need to have the PWM ON for 25% of the time period and OFF for 75%.
§ This is the most common boost control method used with three port boost controllers.
§ Can be used with most Factory ECU’s
§ Easier option but does not allow for the full potential of the Black box.
· Overtemp
o A user defined value that the eGates will shut down if the internal temperature is reached.
o The gates are internally calibrated to a maximum value of 150degC (302degF).
o Value is typically 140degC(284 degF) But must be less than 150degC (302degF).
· Egate AutoStop Feature
o Autostop
§ The Autostop feature allows for current to be preserved if the gate sees no change in position demand for 5 seconds. This allows the gate to remain at its current position preserving current until a change is registered.
§ Typically selected
· Park Feature
o Park Enable
§ The Park Enable feature, the Park Enable allows the Gate to get to a user defined Park Threshold percentage and stop supplying current to the motor. When selected and the target is less than Park Target Threshold for 2 seconds the motor will switch off.
§
Typically selected
o Park Threshold
§ Used when Park Enable is selected. This is the Position Percentage that the gate will be considered closed. This value typically should be 2%.
§
When selected and the
target is less than Park Target Threshold for 2 seconds the motor will switch
off.
· Preload
o Preload Enable
§ Enables the Preload enable feature, this feature allows the gate to be driven harder into the seat once the gate measures deviation from its aim path.
§ Applied to both eGates
o Preload DC
§ Preload Duty cycle is the amount of duty cycle the gate will preload the valve with. This Value is typical -20% it should be a negative valve.
o Preload MAX time
§ Max time is the amount of allowable time that position demand can be ramped to ensure preload on the valve.
· CAN Address
o The CAN BUS network allows for a large amount of information to be transmitted and received over a simple two wire twisted pair network. This allows vast amounts of information to be shared and adapted to many advanced tuning strategies.
o CAN Address may need to move as other data may conflict with these base address.
o This address must correspond to the relevant address on the ECU Can bus.
o TX - Transmit
§ Typically
§ Decimal = 256
· Converted
o Hexadecimal (0x100)
o RX - Receive
§ Typically
§ Decimal = 272
· Converted
o Hexadecimal (0x110)
· Calibration
o Automatic Calibration is set by selecting which e-Gate and the state that the calibration is required. It is highly advisable to select both open and closed calibration.
o A Set value is predefined by Turbosmart, these Offsets are stored as calibration offset Voltages at either state.
o NOTE: It is also advisable to move the gate with Manual Override when calibrating to the 25% mark and 75% mark depending on which calibration is required.
· Manual Override
o The option to manually select the position for the valve to move to that overwrites any position data feed from the ECU.
This should be used for diagnostic purposes.Connected User Interface
User Interface
Data Read Out
While connected to the Black Box the selection of Data that is collected via the Black Box is presented to for troubleshooting, verification, and tuning.
· Diagnostics
o E-Gate Position status
§ The Position status can be Ok, Fail Low and Fail High readout on the status of the calibrations that the eGate is reporting to the Black Box.
§ Failing Low indicates a Position lower than the calibration is expecting
§ Failing High indicates a Position higher than the calibration is expecting
o E-Gate Temperature Status
§ The Temperature status can be Ok, Fail Low and Fail High readout on the status of the calibrations that the eGate is reporting to the Black Box.
§ Failing Low indicates a Temperature lower than the calibration is expecting
§ Failing High indicates a Temperature higher than the calibration is expecting
o 5V Supply Status
§ The 5V Supply status can be Ok, Fail Low and Fail High readout on the status of the voltage that the Black Box is reporting.
§ Failing Low indicates a Voltage lower than the Black Box is expecting
§ Failing High indicates a Voltage higher than the Black Box is expecting
§
o EEPROM Status
§
Indicates the Black Box
is working correctly with the required software.
eGate 1/2 Readout - Refer to Datasheet for Possible outputs.
§ Area Target uses the position target and converts it using the flow characteristics so 50% flow is 50% Position, but not 50% valve position.
§ 0-100%
o Position Target
§ Position Targeted from the ECU.
§ 0-100%
o Position
§ Position of eGate in a percentage for Valve Position
§ 0-100%
o Motor Duty
§ Motor Duty cycle required to move the eGate to the requested target.
§ +/- 0-100%
o Target Error
§ Percentage error from requested target.
§ +/- 0-100%
o Current
§ Current flowing to the eGate to as requested to allow for movement.
§ Amps
o Position Voltage
§ Raw Voltage from eGate encoder.
§ 0.5-4.5V
o Control Duty Input
§ PWM Duty cycle required while PWM option is selected.
§ 0-100%
o Control Frequency Input
§ Frequency of which the signal is sent to the Black Box
§ Recommended 100Hz
o Temperature
§ Temperature from the eGate encoder.
§ Displayed in DegC Only
§ 0-150degC
§ 32-302degF
o Enable Switch Voltage
§ If this Voltage is grounded, the corresponding eGate will be disabled.
o Translation
§ Readout of the current selected eGate for the Position selected
§ Turbosmarts Wastegate Selection
o Target Source
§ Shows the current target source selection.
§ CAN or PWM
o System Status
§
Current Status of logic
being performed on the eGate
| Enumeration | Status | Status Condition |
| 0 | OFF | System Standby |
| 1 | Reserved | Reserved |
| 2 | OFF-IC Reset | Not Relevant in Field |
| 3 | OFF-Posn Sensor Err. | The valve is outside the allowable 4.5V to 0.2V window. |
| 4 | OFF-Enable Sw | Enable switch is grounded, gates are disabled from moving from position input. |
| 5 | OFF-Over-Temp | Valve disregards position until temperature is under (Over temperature shutdown - 10 degC) |
| 6 | OFF-Auto Stop | Valve has met conditions to allow for auto stop. Will only move once change is detected. |
| 7 | OFF-Parked | Valve is not moving and has parked up. Awaiting change larger than park threshold. |
| 8 | OFF-Over Current | Current intergral has exceeded the allowable limit. (Current Supply Vs Time) Black box will attempt 3 times before disabling. (Power Cycle necessary) |
| 9 | - | |
| 10 | Calibrating 0% Posn .. | Calibrating the 0% Position |
| 11 | Calibrating 100% Posn .. | Calibrating the 100% Position |
| 12 | Calibrate Complete !! | Calibration has cycled and completed |
| 13 | eGate Current Calibrating | Reports when egate closed or open calibration is being commanded. |
| 14 | eGate Parked | Reserved |
| 15 | eGate Prespool | Reserved |
| 16 | ON-Temp Sensor Fault | The temperature signal is not being reported to the ECU. Valve is still active with no temperature signal |
| 17 | ON-Target CAN | Valve is using the CANBUS Signal |
| 18 | ON-Target PWM | Valve is using the PWM signal |
| 19 | ON-Target USB Override | USB Black Box software is being used to command position |
| 20 | ON-Pass-Through %DC | Valve is being sent raw motor duty cycle |
| 21 | ON-PreLoad Active | Only used if preload command is sent over CAN BUS |
o PID Status
§ Current Status of movement logic being applied to the eGate
o Proportional Output
§ Percentage of Proportional Control being applied to the Motor Driver
o Integral Output
§ Percentage of Integral Control being applied to the Motor Driver
o Derivative Output
§ Percentage of Derivative Control being applied to the Motor Driver
o Feedforward
§ Predetermined Table applied to aid in targeting correct position
· General
o 14V Motor Supply Readout
§ Battery Voltage being supplied to Black Box
o 5V Supply
§ 5V Supply Voltage being supplied to Black Box Sensors
o Device Temperature
§ Internal Temperature of the Black Box
o Calibration Offsets
§ Open
· Voltage Deviation from pre-set calibration values.
· Values over indicate +/-0.2V indicate possible issue with manual calibration
§ Closed
· Voltage Deviation from pre-set calibration values.
Values over indicate +/-0.2V indicate possible issue with manual calibrationTROUBLE SHOOTING
It is important that any issues are resolved before heavy driving.
Black
Box will not turn on
- Ensure Good quality wire is being used that is rated correctly
- Check for Wires Shorting to Ground.
- Good Quality Ground
point has been selected
No Communication with Black Box
- Ensure decent quality USB and connector is correctly seated
- Verify Voltage and
Ground at Black Box Connector
Failing
the above, submit
a technical request to tech@turbosmart.com.au
with information of your Black Box configuration and photos of installation. As
well as any information regarding wiring.
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